Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England.
"One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them.
Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4800 pins a worker. (79)( But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one.)
There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, (80) (but he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. )But division of labor adds nothing new, it only enables people to produce more of what they already have. (www.pkucet.com)
11. According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to__________
A. take advantage of the physical labor
B. introduce the division of labor into England
C. understand the effects of the division of labor
D. explain the bad causes of the division of labor
12. Adam Smith saw that the division of labor__________
A. enabled each worker to design pins more quickly
B. increased the possible output per worker
C. increased the number of people employed in factories
D. improved the quality of pins produced
13. Adam Smith mentioned the number 4800 in order to__________
A. show the advantages of the old labor system
B. stress how powerful the individual worker was
C. show the advantages of the division of labor
D. stress the importance of increased production
14. According to the writer, Adam Smith's mistake was in believing
that the division of labor__________
A. was an efficient way of organizing work
B. was an important development in methods of production
C. finally led to economic development
D. increased the production of existing goods
15. According to the writer, which one of the following is NOT tree?
A. Division of labor can enable fewer people to make more pins.
B. Division of labor helps people to produce more of what they
already have.
C. Division of labor is by no means responsible for economic
growth.
D. Division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.
Part II Vocabulary and Structure(30%)
Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. (www.pkucet.com)
16. He spent__________collecting materials for his article.
A. a half year B. half year
C. half a year D. half of a year
17. To succeed in a scientific experiment,__________
A. one needs being patient person
B. patience is to need
C. one needs to be patient
D. patience is what needed
18. English is used by more people than is__________language except
Chinese.
A. any B. any Other
C. other D. all other
19. The dish__________terrible! I don't like it at all. (www.pkucet.com)
A. tastes B. tasted
C. will taste D. is tasted
20. She__________be ill because I saw her playing tennis just now. (www.pkucet.com)
A'. can't B. couldn't
C. mustn't D. may not
21. Sorry, officer. I__________at 80 miles but I didn't see any sign in the
area telling people how fast they can drive. (www.pkucet.com)
A. should not drive B. shouldn't have driven
C. mustn't drive D. can't drive
22. Why not__________Professor Li for help? He is kind-hearted and
willing to help. (www.pkucet.com)
A. ask B. you ask
C. to ask D your asking
23. It is not easy__________the answer to the difficult math problem. (www.pkucet.com)
A. to figure out B. figuring out
C. figure out D. being figured out
24. The tsunami (海啸)__________over 160, 000 people were killed was
a terrible disaster for human beings. (www.pkucet.com)
A. of that B. among which
C. during that D. in which
25. Take the medicine now. I believe it will__________your pain. (www.pkucet.com)
A. release B. relive
C. reject D. relieve
26. How can you__________her offer? I'm afraid she will feel hurt. (www.pkucet.com)
A. turn out B. turn up
C. turn down D. turn away
27. She apologized for__________to attend the meeting. (www.pkucet.com)
A. her being not able B. her to be not able
C. her not to be able D. her not being able to
28. This new coat cost me__________the last one I bought two years
ago. (www.pkucet.com)
A. three times B. three times as much as
C. three times as much D. three times much as
29. Each term our professors would__________a list of books for us to
read. (www.pkucet.com)
A. hand in B. give away
C. pass out D. write out
30. I__________my wallet when I was shopping in the store. (www.pkucet.com)
A. must have dropped B. should have dropped
C. could drop D. ought to have dropped
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